Table 1 Themes covered in the training curriculum
Modules | Main topics | Contents |
|---|---|---|
1 | Introduction: Concepts of cultural capacity, competence, and cultural care | - Culture, cultural diversity, and components of cultural diversity Cultural competence and cultural care An overview of Purnell's cultural competence model and the 12 domains of the cultural competence model Assessment of patients from different cultural backgrounds Planning for cultural nursing care |
2 | Domain 1: Culture and heritage | - Culture and heritage Concepts related to the country of origin, current residence, economics, political science Reasons for migration, and educational and professional status Assessing the client according to this field |
3 | Domain 2: Communication | -The domain of communication Cultural communication patterns Verbal and non-verbal interactions (eye contact, facial expression, and touch) The use of language, dialect, use of hand and face gestures in addition to oral speech, which are distinct in each cultural group The use of an interpreter Assessing the client according to this field |
4 | Domain 3: Family roles and organization | - Views related to the head of the household, gender roles, goals, and priorities, Duties and roles of the family The roles of children, adolescents, older people, and the extended family Social position, alternative lifestyles Assessing the client according to this field |
5 | Domain 4: Labor issues | - Cultural acceptance, independence, and the presence of language barriers) Assessing the client according to this field |
6 | Domain 5: bio-cultural ecological factors | - Observable differences according to ethnic and racial origin such as skin color and other physical, biological, and physiological changes among racial and ethnic groups Assessing the client according to this field |
7 | Domain 6: Risky behaviors | - High-risk behaviors (including the use of tobacco, alcohol, or dangerous drugs, smoking, sexual relations, high-fat diets, and physical inactivity) Physical activities and safety levels or precautions Assessing the client according to this field |
8 | Domain 7: Nutrition | - Having enough food, the value of food Common foods and customs Food restrictions and nutritional deficiencies The use of food to promote health and prevent diseases Assessing the client according to this field |
9 | Domain 8: Pregnancy | - Fertility practices, views, and beliefs regarding childbearing, birth, and postpartum pregnancies Forbidden reproductive functions, child custody, parenting, prescriptive practices Food recommendations, restrictions, and taboos Assessing the client according to this field |
10 | Domain 9: Death rituals | - Mourning ceremony Perceptions of death, acceptance of death, death ceremony Functions and views on death and mourning, and beliefs about life after death Assessing the client according to this field |
11 | Domain 10: Spirituality | - Spirituality and religious practices, use of prayer, individual strength Meaning of life and the relationship between spirituality and healthcare functions Assessing the client according to this field |
12 | Domain 11: Healthcare practices | - Common traditional practices (e.g., complementary and alternative medicine), self-healing practices, magical religious beliefs, responsibility for cultural barriers to healthcare, cultural responses to health and illness Response to pain, treatment and rehabilitation, chronic disease, mental health measures, blood transfusion, and organ donation Assessing the client according to this field |
13 | Domain 12: Healthcare providers | -Practices of healthcare providers Traditional care versus biomedical care The status of healthcare providers (for example, their expertise and qualifications, their willingness to work in a multicultural society, their ethnic and racial status, and their gender), The role of traditional religious care providers, folk, and sorcerers and their impact on health providers) Assessing the client according to this field |
14 | Cultural humility | -The definition of cultural humility The basics of cultural humility The rainbow model of cultural humility |
15 | Necessary skills for cultural humility | -Skills necessary for cultural humility (reflection, respect, regard, relevance, resiliency) and their definitions |
16 | Consequences of cultural humility | -Consequences of cultural humility (learning from patients and empowerment, partnership-building, lifelong learning process) and their definitions |