Fig. 4

Performance improvement for dural repair among all participants over six trials. a Time to complete the task (second). b Leakage pressure (mmHg). The dashed curve with filled circle and error bars indicates the performance of attending surgeons. The solid curve with filled square and error bars indicates the performance of residents. An asterisk indicates significant comparisons between trial 1 and subsequential trials with P value < 0.05. A pilcrow indicates significant comparisons between residents and attending surgeons in each trial with P value < 0.05