Fig. 3

Resources for session B: simulation of diagnosis and treatment on a mock patient. (a) A mock patient was created in the hospital’s medical chart system. Participants accessed the chart using the patient ID to retrieve and review clinical information. (b) Necessary imaging studies, including X-ray films, CT scans, MRI, and myelography, were made available, replicating daily clinical settings. (c, d) Extension and flexion X-ray films of the bone model were also accessible through the PACS system. The bone model, embedded in a polyurethane mold, was designed with some degree of flexibility. (e) The simulation surgery was performed in the operation theater, and the equipment and surgical instruments necessary for the surgery was prepared including CT navigation and fluoroscopy. (f) During the surgical procedures, the model was covered with a surgical drape