Fig. 5

Gains and pain points in learning efficiency
Red represents data points of a relatively high level of criticality, that is, combining images and texts boosts the learning efficiency of this course. Blue represents data points of a medium level of criticality, including realizing the significance of previewing and the importance of revision, utilizing multimedia to improve learning efficiency, insufficient preparation, having difficulty memorizing the knowledge points. Grey represents data points of a relatively low level of criticality