A practice and exploration of blended learning in medical morphology during the post-COVID-19 pandemic era

Liu, Qinlai; Yuan, Na; Wang, Yongan; Sun, Beibei; Yang, Leiying; Wang, Zhaopeng; Fang, Chen; Sun, Wenping; Luo, Baihua; Liu, Yaling; Liu, Xin; Ge, Li

doi:10.1186/s12909-025-07280-x

BMC Medical Education

Table 1 Responses to the method’s effectiveness of students from the intervention group in the questionnaires

From: A practice and exploration of blended learning in medical morphology during the post-COVID-19 pandemic era

Survey content	Course	Time order	N	SA (%)	A (%)	N (%)	D (%)	SD (%)	Mean	P
Accept and enjoy the experimental flipped classroom	His-Emb	first	85	41.18	25.88	22.35	5.88	4.71	3.93	0.001
	His-Emb	sec	88	61.36	28.41	9.09	1.14	0	4.50	0.001
	Pat	first	106	27.36	31.13	16.98	15.09	9.43	3.52	0.000
	Pat	sec	106	50.94	26.42	17.92	3.77	0.94	4.23	0.000
Accept and enjoy the flipped theory class	His-Emb	first	85	40.00	28.24	20.00	8.24	3.53	3.93	0.037
	His-Emb	sec	88	61.36	27.27	10.23	1.14	0	4.49	0.037
	Pat	first	106	25.47	27.36	17.92	22.64	6.60	3.42	0.000
	Pat	sec	106	54.72	18.87	20.75	4.72	0.94	4.22	0.000
Accept and enjoy the case based teaching	His-Emb	first	85	47.06	24.71	17.65	5.88	4.71	4.04	0.011
	His-Emb	sec	88	62.50	25.00	10.23	2.27	0	4.48	0.011
	Pat	first	106	40.57	26.42	20.75	2.26	0	3.95	0.000
	Pat	sec	106	76.42	19.81	3.77	0	0	4.73	0.000
Accept the combination teaching of His-Emb and Pathology	His-Emb	first	85	47.06	35.29	9.41	8.24	0	4.21	0.035
	His-Emb	sec	88	60.23	31.82	7.95	0	0	4.52	0.035
	Pat	first	106	58.49	24.53	12.26	4.72	0	4.37	0.001
	Pat	sec	106	77.36	17.92	4.72	0	0	4.73	0.001
Accept and attend the related discipline competition	His-Emb	first	85	36.47	23.53	20.00	15.29	4.71	3.72	0.001
	His-Emb	sec	88	55.68	23.86	17.05	3.41	0	4.32	0.001
	Pat	first	106	29.25	26.42	32.08	8.49	3.77	3.69	0.000
	Pat	sec	106	77.36	17.92	4.72	0	0	4.73	0.000
Accept and make the mind mapping	His-Emb	first	85	38.82	29.41	23.53	5.88	2.35	3.96	0.004
	His-Emb	sec	88	56.82	27.27	15.90	0	0	4.41	0.004
	Pat	first	106	31.13	27.35	33.02	6.60	1.89	3.79	0.000
	Pat	sec	106	79.25	10.38	10.38	0	0	4.69	0.000
Accept and write subjective topics	His-Emb	first	85	35.29	29.41	18.82	11.76	4.71	3.79	0.003
	His-Emb	sec	88	55.68	23.86	15.91	3.41	1.14	4.30	0.003
	Pat	first	106	28.30	29.25	30.19	9.43	2.83	3.71	0.000
	Pat	sec	106	66.04	13.21	19.81	0.94	0	4.44	0.000
Accept and view the virtual and real slices	His-Emb	first	85	38.82	27.06	20.00	11.76	2.35	3.88	0.000
	His-Emb	sec	88	68.18	25.00	6.82	0	0	4.61	0.000
	Pat	first	106	28.30	29.25	30.19	9.43	2.83	3.79	0.000
	Pat	sec	106	74.53	14.15	10.38	0.94	0	4.62	0.000

Note: N = Number of students surveyed; His-Emb = Histology and Embryology; Pat = Pathology; first = first-test questionnaire; Sec = second-test questionnaire. Frequency distribution, mean score, and significance of students’ perceptions are reported; first test questionnaire was carried before blended learning and second test questionnaire was carried after blended learning using the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Likert scale item measurements: 1 = strongly disagree (SD), 2 = disagree (D), 3 = neutral (N), 4 = agree (A), 5 = strongly agree (SA). Data are expressed as a percentage of the respondents to both questionnaires of Histology and Embryology and Pathology. *Statistically significant, p < 0.05

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